![]() Romkes has reported that the wearing side of the pelvis was elevated because of restricted ankle motion by orthosis. Specifically, previous studies in healthy adults have reported the effect of an orthosis on biomechanics during gait. Furthermore, orthosis may change the sensory input and cause a change in the H-reflex and Hoffmann reflex however, the results of these reports are inconsistent. However, the energy cost during gait is improved by wearing an orthosis. In healthy adults, restricted ankle motion resulting from an orthosis significantly reduces gait speed. In particular, lower limb orthosis is used during gait and restricted lower limb motion, which causes changes in kinetics, kinematics, gait parameters, energy cost, and sensation. Orthoses are widely used in certain situations, including in clinical settings, sports, and daily living. Each muscle activity was changed by wearing the orthosis however, the immediate mechanical constraint did not change the framework of muscle synergy. However, along with changes in muscle activity, the activation pattern and weightings of muscle synergies tended to change with the use of orthoses. However, the number of muscle synergies and complexity of muscle synergy did not significantly change among these conditions. ![]() In the KAFO condition, hip abductor muscle activity related to weight bearing was significantly decreased, and ankle dorsiflexor muscle activity was increased to secure clearance during the swing phase. Knee extensor muscle activity related to the loading response was significantly increased by wearing the AFO. Post-hoc analysis indicated differences between each condition. The results revealed that some muscle activities were significantly different among the three conditions. Muscle activity during gait was measured in 15 healthy adults, and muscle synergies were extracted using non-negative matrix factorization. We measured the muscle activity and synergy of the lower limb muscles without orthosis and with two types of orthoses: ankle–foot orthosis (AFO) and knee–ankle–foot orthosis (KAFO). However, whether changes in neural control depend on wearing an orthosis during gait is unclear. An orthosis is often used in rehabilitation to improve kinetic and kinematic parameters during gait.
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